Step 1: Preheat and Prepare

1. Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C).
2. Line your muffin tin with paper liners or grease it with non-stick spray.

Step 2: Mix the Dry Ingredients

• In a medium bowl, combine:
• Flour
• Baking soda
• Baking powder
• Salt
• Cinnamon
• Nutmeg and cloves (if using)
• Whisk until evenly distributed.

Step 3: Combine the Wet Ingredients

• In a large bowl, whisk together:
• Applesauce
• Oil
• Eggs
• Brown sugar
• Vanilla extract
• Milk
• Mix until smooth and creamy.

Step 4: Combine Wet and Dry Ingredients

1. Gradually add the dry ingredients into the wet mixture. Stir gently with a spatula until just combined—do not overmix, as it can make the muffins tough.
2. If using nuts or dried fruits, fold them in at this point.

Step 5: Fill and Bake

1. Divide the batter evenly among the muffin cups, filling each about ¾ full.
2. Top with oats or a sprinkle of sugar if desired.
3. Bake in the preheated oven for 18–22 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
4. Let muffins cool in the tin for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.